Sintomatología de ansiedad relacionados con COVID-19 en profesionales de la salud
Palabras clave:
ansiedad, COVID-19, personal de salud, salud mental, Escala de Hamilton, salud ocupacional.Resumen
Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia y severidad de síntomas de ansiedad generalizada en profesionales de la salud que laboraron durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en un Centro de Salud Tipo B del municipio de Riobamba, Ecuador, y describir su distribución según características profesionales y sociodemográficas. Método: estudio epidemiológico, cuantitativo, observacional, descriptivo y transversal. Se trabajó con el universo disponible de 19 profesionales de salud. Se aplicó la Escala de Ansiedad de Hamilton, integrada por 14 ítems que valoran manifestaciones psíquicas y somáticas. El análisis se realizó mediante frecuencias y porcentajes. Resultados: el 84,2 % presentó algún nivel de ansiedad; 42,1 % mostró ansiedad leve y 42,1 % ansiedad moderada/grave, mientras 15,8 % no presentó sintomatología compatible. La prevalencia fue mayor en mujeres (68,4 % del total de participantes), auxiliares de enfermería (31,6 %), médicos (21,1 %), participantes de 20 a 30 años (31,6 %) y personas solteras (36,8 %). Las manifestaciones más frecuentes fueron preocupación (84,2 %), tensión (78,9 %), molestias musculares (73,7 %), síntomas gastrointestinales (73,7 %), cefalea tensional/autonómica (68,5 %), alteraciones sensoriales (63,2 %) y humor depresivo (63,2 %). Conclusión: se observó una elevada carga de sintomatología ansiosa en esta población. Por su diseño transversal, tamaño reducido y ausencia de grupo comparador, los resultados describen el fenómeno en el establecimiento estudiado y no permiten atribuir causalidad individual a la exposición pandémica.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Milena Delgado Saltos (Autor/a)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
